When you're in your 20s, you have only a one in eight chance of being an insomniac. By the time you're over 65, this has doubled to one in four, and there is a three in five chance -- 60 percent -- that you will have some kind of sleep disorder. Your likelihood of enjoying a good night's sleep decreases slowly but steadily with advancing age.
As baby boomers hit the prime ages for developing sleep trouble, they are heading to sleep disorder centers in record numbers. There are almost 850 accredited sleep clinics in the United States -- more than double the number there were only seven years ago.
The Real Culprits
Aging itself, however, is not the cause of most insomnia. Sleep difficulties are usually caused by the health problems of age and, frequently, by the medications that come with them. Arthritis, angina, and prostate enlargement can make a sound night's sleep difficult, and medications that can interfere with sleep include:
- Blood pressure medicines
- Decongestants
- Cancer drugs
- Antidepressants
Insomnia Causes Disease
Meanwhile, there's a growing body of evidence that sleep disorders can lead to potentially life-threatening illnesses, including:
- Weight gain
- Increased diabetes risk
- Heart disease
- Worsening depression
- Impaired immune function
- Degraded memory and mental performance
The last is additionally worrisome because it can mimic dementia in older patients, leading to misdiagnosis, and impair driving safety in all who are affected by it.
Many Turn to Drugs
As a result, Americans spent $2.1 billion on prescription sleeping pills in 2004, and bought 600 million over-the-counter ones. But many of these medicines, including antihistamines and antidepressants, haven't been proven safe and effective for the problem. And almost none of them have been approved for long-term use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), yet they are often taken for months or years.
Behavioral therapies that lower anxiety, along with lifestyle changes leading to increased exercise and weight loss, can work well long-term.
USA Today July 27, 2005