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About 75 million
Americans did not have health insurance at some time during
2001 or 2002. This lack of health insurance, which is cutting
further into the middle class, is a problem not only for the
uninsured but for the rest of the population as well.
A large number
of uninsured people in a community can affect the availability
of medical care for everyone, according to an Institute of
Medicine study. Providing uncompensated medical care can put
a severe financial strain on a community, leading to cuts
in other programs such as preventive medicine and surveillance.
A separate study
found that of the 75 million uninsured mentioned above, nearly
65 percent were uninsured for at least six months and 24 percent
were uninsured for the entire two years.
The slow economy
and rising health costs, which are causing businesses to scale
back coverage or put more of the costs on employees, are contributing
to the large numbers of uninsured, according to the previous
study. Further, states are trimming their programs for poor
and low-income residents.
Moreover, it is likely that with current economic conditions,
including unemployment and budget shortfalls, the number of
uninsured will continue to grow.
Additionally, public
funds that pay for uncompensated medical care are often not
allocated or targeted efficiently, according to the study.
Numerous cities have had to reallocate funds from other programs
to pay for the medical care, while others have had to close
health facilities or convert them from public to for-profit
operations due partly to financial burdens.
People
without health insurance don't get routine preventive health
services, receive too little medical care too late, are sicker
and die sooner, and receive poorer care when they are hospitalized.
The growing problem
of lacking health care coverage in America, coupled with the
lack of a foreseeable solution, has led analysts to say that
the U.S. health care system is on the verge of collapse.
CNN
News March 8, 2003
Institute
of Medicine March, 2003 (PDF)
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