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Electric shock therapy may treat depression better than antidepressant drugs, although much controversy surrounds the procedure.
The treatment, known as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), uses electric shocks to cause a seizure in patients under anesthesia. The seizure causes the brain to release chemicals that produce changes that may relieve depression.
However, some doctors say that ECT is not an effective therapy and may even cause brain damage, and the technique may have a negative connotation due to media portrayals based on "old-fashioned practices." Yet according to researchers, the treatment does work and the side effects are manageable.
As evidenced by six experiments that involved 256 people, ECT improved symptoms of depression better than simulated ECT.
Additionally, 18 other trials, which included 1,144 people, showed that ECT improved symptoms of depression better than antidepressants.
Researchers reported that ECT administered to both sides of the brain was more effective than ECT administered to only one side of the brain.
Side effects of the treatment include short-term memory loss, nausea and headache.
The Lancet 2003;361:799-808
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