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Your mother’s nutritional habits during pregnancy might make you predisposed to high blood pressure later in life.
A new study found that people with primary hypertension, or high blood pressure that is not caused by another disease, may have fewer nephrons in their kidneys than people with normal blood pressure.
Nephrons play a role in eliminating waste and excess fluid from the body, which in turn helps to regulate blood pressure. The number of nephrons in the kidneys, typically about 1 million in a normal kidney, is set during fetal development.
The study involved the examination of kidneys from 20 middle-aged, white people who had died in accidents, 10 of whom had had high blood pressure. Their findings support the theory that having fewer nephrons makes a person more susceptible to high blood pressure, a finding which was been supported by both animal and human research in the past.
Individuals with high blood pressure may have fewer nephrons because they were born that way, researchers speculate.
Low protein intake during pregnancy may affect the number of nephrons in the fetus and the risk of high blood pressure and other types of cardiovascular disease later in life, according to researchers.
The findings point to the importance of prenantal nutrition in determining the future health of the child. Other recent studies on the topic have found similar results, for example low birth weight may increase the baby’s risk of cardiovascular disease during adulthood.
Although further research is needed, researchers say that improving nutrition during pregnancy may prevent low nephron number in the fetus, which may ultimately prevent high blood pressure.
The New England Journal of Medicine January 9, 2003;348:101-108
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