Previous studies have suggested
that fish oil supplements may reduce the risk of an additional heart attack
or stroke in patients who have recently experienced a heart attack. Now
new study findings reveal that the supplement also reduces the risk of
sudden death.
The findings show that this
reduced risk was evident after as few as 3 months, which seems to support
the hypothesis that adding n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids -- commonly
found in fish and fish oil -- to a healthy diet may lower the risk of
fatal arrhythmia, an irregular heartbeat that in severe cases can lead
to cardiac arrest.
Reduction of sudden death appeared
early after start of treatment. This seems to support the idea that omega-3
fats could be due to an anti-arryhythmia effect.
The study included 11,323 patients
who had suffered a heart attack within the previous 3 months. All of the
patients received the same preventive care and ate Mediterranean-style
diets rich in fruits, vegetables, olive oil and fish. But some patients
also consumed 1 gram of the fish oil supplements per day.
During
the 3.5-year follow-up period, 1,031 individuals died.
Patients who took the fish
oil supplements appeared to be at a 41%
lower risk of death from any cause after
only 3 months of treatment, study findings indicate.
After 4 months of treatment,
these patients also appeared to be at a significantly reduced risk of
sudden cardiac death. And by the end of the study period, patients treated
with fish oil supplements were 45% less likely to die suddenly from a
heart-related cause.
One capsule of a fish oil concentrate
daily for 3.5 years resulted in a very significant reduction in sudden
cardiac death. Thus, a simple and safe change in diet can potentially
produce a large public health benefit.
Circulation
April 2002;105
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